CSV vs Excel (XLSX) — what’s the difference?
CSV and Excel both hold tabular data, but CSV is plain text with just values, while Excel (.xlsx) is a rich format with formatting, multiple sheets and formulas. Each is better for different jobs.
| Aspect | CSV | Excel (XLSX) |
|---|---|---|
| Contents | Plain comma-separated values | Cells, formatting, formulas, charts |
| Multiple sheets | No — one table per file | Yes |
| File size | Very small | Larger |
| Compatibility | Opens in everything, great for imports | Best in Excel/Sheets |
| Best for | Data exchange, database imports, scripting | Analysis, reports, anything with formulas |
The verdict
Use CSV to move data between systems and for imports — it is universal and lightweight. Use Excel when you need formatting, multiple sheets, or formulas. Convert either way with the tools below.
Free tools for CSV and Excel (XLSX)
FAQ
Can CSV hold formulas or formatting?
No — CSV stores only raw values. Save as Excel to keep formulas, colours, and multiple sheets.
How do I open a CSV without breaking columns?
Use the CSV Viewer tool, or import (not double-click) into Excel/Sheets and choose the correct delimiter.